AP Latin (Period 3) Assignments
- Instructor
- Megan Moreau '01
- Terms
- Fall 2013
- Spring 2014
- Department
- World Languages
- Description
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Welcome to my AP Latin website!
Here you will find attachments of my class syllabus, the study log format, and any handouts on projects or study guides. Links to helpful AP sites are also provided.Please note that grades are updated every 2-3 weeks on Aeries. The best way to reach me is through e-mail, which I will respond to within 24 hours during school hours. If an e-mail is sent after school hours, on the weekend, or on a holiday or vacation day, I will reply within 24 hours of school being back in session. you may also leave a voicemail at the school number, ext. 335.Students have the opportunity once again to join the Junior Classical League (JCL), a nationally recognized organization for students of Latin. This organization provides students with opportunities for scholarship and the chance to go to the California State Latin Convention to compete academically and socialize with other Latin students across the state.This semester will begin with Vergil's Aeneid and move on to Caesar's Gallic Wars in the spring. We have a tight schedule to keep and it is important that we try to stay on task to cover all the required lines for the exam in May.I will try to post homework questions on the website, however, periodically they will be posted in the classroom. It is the student's responsibility to check the homework board AND the website on a regular basis.
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Upcoming Assignments
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Past Assignments
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Caesar Q's
30. Why does Caesar name two ambassadors (that is, Nammeius and Verucloetius)? What is the rhetorical effect of such unnecessary details? Do we believe Caesar more or less when he mentions such concrete facts as names of the ambassadors, why or why not?
31. Caesar has already told us that the Helvettii had two possible routes that they could have taken. When the Helvetii’s representatives state that they have no other route, does Caesar imply that the Helvettii are liars, especially after they utter this exaggeration immediately after stating that they will inflict no harm along the way? If so, why might Caesar have done this?
32. Why was Caesar’s consent (voluntas) necessary?
33. Caesar recalls the history of the Roman people. Rome had experienced trouble from the Helvettii in the past. Do you think that this event from the relatively distant past should have been a factor in Caesar’s decision making? Explain.
34. In sharing his own thoughts, Caesar not only repeats a word he had previously attributed to the Helvetian representatives (maleficium), but he also adds another (iniuria). Discuss the rhetorical effect of this word choice.
35. Caesar lets his readers in on a secret that he keeps from the Helvetian ambassadors. What is that secret? What is the effect on Caesar’s readers of knowing more than the ambassadors? Would his readers have felt that Caesar was taking them into his confidence? If so, why might Caesar have done this?
36. Caesar tricks the ambassadors into thinking that he might grant their request so that he can buy more time for getting his troops ready. Was this crafty statesmanship or immoral? Why?
AP connection Q
8. Does Vergil portray Aeneas as a statesman? Where? How does Aeneas’ performance (for example, before Dido) compare to Caesar’s performance in this passage?
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Caesar Q
26. Notice the passive form of nuntiatum esset (line 14 WB). Caesar does not tell us who informed him, simply that he had been informed of events along the border of his province while he was still in Rome. What is the dramatic effect of this announcement (what does he do?)?
27. How does Caesar’s narrative style dramatize his entry?
28. What were Caesar’s first steps in preparing for the emergency?
29. Do you believe that Caesar’s dramatic response was warranted by what he described was taking place among the Helvettii? Explain.
What about his descriptions might have convinced Romans that Caesar was taking proper and effective steps to protect Rome?
7. In this passage (chap 4 lines 13-18 WB), Caesar demonstrates typical qualities of his leadership: rapid, decisive, and effective action. Can you think of emergencies in the Aeneid requiring similarly quick responses by Aeneas? How is Aeneas’ leadership similar to or different from Caesar’s?
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Caesar Q's!!
21. Conveying goods (for example, food) by land, as opposed to water, was very difficult in antiquity. why? (cite any outside sources you use)
22. If each person were bringing a 3 month supply of grain, how much would each person’s supply weigh? Consider the following: How many calories per day does one NEED? How many calories are in a pound of wheat? In other food items? (consult the almighty google).
23. What makes the Helvetti think that the Allobroges might be friendly toward them?
24. What do you think of the Helvetti’s alternate plan, if the Allobroges prove hostile? (reference what that plan is)
25. Do you think Caesar is telling us the whole story, why or why not?
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Vergil BK IV Q's
9. In lines 260-264, Vergil describes Aeneas as Mercury sees him when he arrives in Carthage. What are we supposed to think of Aeneas’ appearance?
And how does his appearance complement the activities in which he is engaged?
11. Vergil describes Aeneas’ reaction to Mercury’s speech as a combination of shock & terror (279-80). What features of Mercury’s speech and presentation are likely to have added to Aeneas’ dread?
12. In lines 281-86, Vergil vividly depicts Aeneas’ inner turmoil. What figures of speech/rhetorical devices does Vergil use in this passage to help us understand Aeneas’ emotional state of mind?
13. In lines 288-94, Vergil lists the things Aeneas decides to do. How many activities are included? List them, and discuss the effect of listing them in the order provided by Vergil.
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Caesar Q's chap 3
14. What does Caesar suggest about the Helvetii by describing their trial procedures (“In chains”) and punishment (“Burning alive”)?
Were Roman methods kinder for A) citizens and B) slaves/non-citizens? (please research and cite this info...no wiki sources!!)
15. The word “familia” means something more than just the immediate “family” in
Latin...please research what exactly is included in this word and what it means in context here. (cite and outside sources)
16. How did Orgetorix escape?
What does per eos really mean?
17. Why would Orgetorix have killed himself? Do you find the story believable or suspicious, why or why not?
18. What overall impression do you have of politics among the Helvetii?
Do they seem unstable and dangerous?
Do you think that creating such an impression was perhaps Caesar’s rhetorical goal? Why?
19. Why, after a failed coup attempt by Orgetorix, followed by his aborted trial, and mysterious death, do the Helvetii continue with Orgetorix’s plan?
What about the plan still appealed?
20. Why did the Helvetti burn everything that they could not bring with them?
Do you think that this was a sound plan, why or why not?
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V BK IV Q's
5. In line 188, Vergil indicates that Fama reports both true and false rumors. Is there anything untrue about the rumors she spreads in lines 191-194
7. Iarbas’ speech to Jupiter betrays his wounded pride, much as Juno’s speech had betrayed hers in Book I 37-49. Compare these two speeches: what structural features and rhetorical devices do they have in common?
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Vergil BK IV
1. The description of the storm in lines 160-168 is extremely ominous. What figures of speech/rhetorical devices does Vergil use here to increase our sense of foreboding as we read? provide textual evidence/citations
2. How sympathetic is Vergil to Dido? Use his comments in lines 169-172 as the basis for your answer.
3. Vergil’s description of Fama (lines 173-88) creates a terrifying personification of an abstract force. Besides personification, what figures of speech/rhetorical devices does Vergil use to explain Fama’s power?
4. Scan line 181. How does the metrical pattern of the line complement its meaning?
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Caesar Q's
10. Caesar tells us that Orgetorix formed a conspiracy. But then he makes a presentation to the Helvetii, and is chosen by them as their leader, after which he undertakes an official embassy (diplomacy). Where is the conspiracy?
Was is only considered conspiracy because they did it without permission of Rome or because their ultimate goal was “domination of all Gaul?”
11. what does it mean to be called a “friend”of the Roman people? The language of politics/diplomacy in Rome is highly personal. What is the difference between a “friend” and “political ally?”
12. An important political term in Latin is the word imperium.
From what verb does it derive? what does that verb mean?
How is the word used here?
13. Pledging loyalty and swearing oaths are hallmarks of conspiracy. However, loyalty was a prized Roman virtue. When is fides (loyalty) good and when is it bad in politics?
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Caesar Q's
8. Look up Switzerland on a modern-day map (this is ancient Helveia).If one travels by foot, boat, or horse are those boundaries inadequate?
How much space does a people need?
What other factors of this area might have led the Helvetii to consider emigration?
9. What qualities of leadership does Orgetorix display, specifially?
Is he well-organized? (give examples from text)
Do you think that Caesar presents Orgetorix’s planning in a positive or negative light?
AP connections
5. Aeneas and his followers sought new lands too. How do their motives compare with those of the Helvetii?
6. Aeneas was married in Troy, escapes marriage in Carthage, and consents to marriage in Latium.
To what extent were these relationships emotional and personal as opposed to practical and political?
what does this say about ancient morality in comparison with modern conceptions of romantic love?
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6. What were the ultimate aims of Orgetorix? Whom did he enlist in his plan?
7. What was the key quality, according to Orgetorix, that would allow the Helvetii to win their aims?
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4. Caesar, like most Romans, places great emphasis on the importance of virtus, which literally means “manliness”. What other qualities does the word imply in ancient Roman context where all able-bodied men were expected to serve in the military?
5. Some scholars argue that this section (chap 1) because of its heavy-handed geography might not have been written by Caesar.
Are these geographical descriptions interesting to the reader, helpful, or in the way of the story? (think in terms of both an ancient Roman audience AND modern audience).
3. Aeneas fights battles too. To what extent does Aeneas embody virtus or “manliness”?
4. What are some of the factors that make us uncertain about how accurately our texts convey what ancient authors actually wrote?
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Caesar Q’s
Chapter 1
1.Caesar’s report on Gaul begins abruptly and with a simple overview of who lives there and where.
Why do you think he begins this way?
For what audience does Caesar write?
Why was Caesar, despite his distance from the Capitol, eager to keep himself before the eyes of his fellow Romans?
2. Why does Caesar begin with language, customs, and law rather than physical geography?
3. Why would Caesar write that those who live farthest from Roman civilization are the most warlike?
Whom does he criticize? Why?
Or do you think he makes simple observations of fact?
AP Connections
1, Vergil never mentions linguistics diversity in the Aeneid, but surely his travels brought him into contact with speakers of numerous languages. Why would a poet, as opposed to a general, ignore such details?
2. How do Caesar’s geographical descriptions compare to Vergil’s?
Does Vergil ascribe traits to people based on where they live in relation to other people?
What is the impact, for example, of geography on Dido’s Carthage?
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29. In line 560, Aeneas describes his sudden recollection of his father as the apparition of an imago, a word often used to describe the appearance of a dead person in one’s dreams. Is Aueneas’ father already dead?
30. As he recalls his first view of Helen in the ruins of Troy, Aeneas emphasizes the sense of sight (567-70). Write out all of the words and phrases in this passage that refer to the sense of sight; are any other senses evoked at any point in the passage?
31. Aeneas mentions that Helen is staying near the temple of Vesta (“limina Vestae servantem.” 567-68). Who is the goddess Vesta, and what do you know about her? Does she appear elsewhere in the Aeneid? And why do you think that Helen might seek safety in Vesta’s temple?
32. In 571-73, Aeneas identifies three persons or things that Helen is afraid of. What are these three entities? Write out and translate the words or phrases for each of the three.
37. The appearance of Venus to her son in 589-92 is stinkingly different from the appearance of Helen Aeneas describes moments before, in 567-74. Compare these two visions; how do the differences set up a contrast between the two female characters described? And what do the different descriptions tell us about Aeneas’ feelings about them?
38. The remainder of this passage (594-620) consists of an address by Venus to her son. Considering the speeches a whole, identify at least three major points Venus makes in her attempt to convince Aeneas to take action. Do you consider her speech to be rhetorically persuasive? Why?
39. In 594-600, Venus expresses her concern for those closest to Aeneas. Whom does she mention? And what does she think has happened to them?
41. While she speaks, Venus removes the cloud that has been obscuring Aeneas’ view of his surroundings (604-7) what are her reasons for doing so? Use the events described in this episode to support your answer.
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21. In line 269, Aeneas describes sleep as a gift the gods (“sono divum”). Given what we have already learned about gifts in Book 2, what are the implications of this expression here?
23. In lines 270-73, Aeneas recalls two of Hector’s greatest accomplishments as described in the Iliad. What are they?
24. In describing the conversation he had with Hector in his dream, Aeneas uses the verb videbar of himself (line 279). Why? What is the effect of this verb here?
25. In lines 281-86, Aeneas quotes the speech he delivered to Hector’s ghost in his sleep. What figures of speech/rhetorical devices does he use in this speech to express his emotional state?
26. Hector’s response in lines 289-95 (“Heu...ponto”) is straightforward and clear. Identify at least four things Hector tells Aeneas to do.
27. Throughout this scene, Vergil has used language relating to hiding and concealment to describe the fall of Troy. Identify at least five different words Vergil uses that are in some way associated with this motif. What is the effect of the repetition of this motif on Vergil’s reader?
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17. In lines 234-40 (‘dividimus….urbi”), Aeneas describes the actions taken by the Trojans as they receive the horse into the city. ID 3 separate actions mentioned by Aeneas here.
19. ID 3 figures of speech/rhetorical devices used by Aeneas in lines 241-42 (“O….Dardanidum”) to communicate his strong emotion.
20. In lines, 245 Aeneas refers to the horse as a “monstrum infelix”. How do the etymologies of both these words ( monstrum from moneo (warn) and infelix from fero (bear or be fertile) help to explain Aeneas’ choice of words?
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13. In lines 223-24 (“qualis….securim”), Aeneas uses a simile to compare the bellowing of Laocoon to the of a bull in the process of being slaughtered. Why do you think Aeneas chooses to use this simile in particular (what does it tell us about Laocoon and his suffering).
14. After wreaking their destruction the snakes depart swiftly and smoothly (lines 225-27). Why do you think Vergil focuses on the nature of their departure to end this scene?
15. In lines 228-33 (“tum….conclamant”), Aeneas offers an ironic summary of the effect of Laocoon’s sufferings upon the other Trojans. ID at least 3 ironic details in this passage.
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8. Aeneas describes the movement of the snakes toward Laocoon with a military
metaphor, “agmine certo” (212).Why do you think Aeneas uses this metaphor?
9. The description of the snakes’ assault in lines 213-19 (et….altis) uses language associated with several of the five senses (touch, taste, sight, etc).
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Find an example in this passage of at least 1 word or phrase associated with 3 of these senses
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describe the effect of this appeal to the senses on Aeneas’ audience.
10. The scene of the snakes’ attack on Laocoon and his sons described by Aeneas is often compared to the famous Laocoon sculpture depicted on pg. 50. Which representation of the story do you prefer and why? Be specific and thorough.
12. What is the rhetorical purpose of Aeneas’ uses of tmesis (circum...dati) in lines 218-19, (think in terms of plot).
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5. In lines 203-204, Vergil separates the word gemini far apart from the word it modifies, angues. What is the effect of this separation (hyperbaton) on Aeneas’ audience?
6. In line 209, the clause “Fit sonitus spumante salo” is virtually impersonal (no hearer is specified).
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What effect does this sort of description have on its audience?
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and how do other features of these words enhance this effect?
7. Aeneas focuses particular attention in his description of the snakes on how their eyes look (ardentes….igni. 210). How literally are we to take this description? Support your answer with references to the text and cite the Latin.
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Book II
1. one of the first words used by Aeneas to describe the priest Laocoon is “ardens” (41). What is its meaning here? Is there any deeper meaning/intention with the use of this particular word?
2. in lines 42-49 (O’... ferentes) Laocoon addresses the people of Troy. How is this a rhetorically compelling speech? Explain and support your answer with at least 3 examples of word choice/structure/poetic devices, cite your Latin.
3. In lines 50-53 (Sic...cavernae) Aeneas describes the hurling of Laocoon’s spear and its impact. ID 3 figures of speech/rhetorical devices used by Aeneas to make this a vivid and emotional description. Explain your ID’s.
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80. At 569-71, Dido promises to help the Trojans no matter where they choose to go.
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How many possible destinations does she mention and where are they (citations!)?
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Are these identical to the ones mentioned by Illioneus or not?
82. At 572-74, Dido mentions a third alternative: She invites the Trojans to settle with her people in Carthage.
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What do you think of this offer?
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is it realistic?
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And what does this offer tell you about Dido’s leadership abilities?
83. Dido closes her speech (575-78) with a wish that Aeneas himself were present, and promises to send out search parties to find him.
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In what locations does she promise to search?
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write out and translate at least 3 different words/phrases she uses to ID these places.
84. How would you characterize Dido’s wish that Aeneas himself were present?
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is it sympathetic, overly emotional, foreboding, or simply realistic?
- what can you predict about her reaction to meeting actually meeting him?
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76. ID 3 things Dido says or does in 561-62 that are meant to reassure the Trojans. Cite Latin and line #.
77. Dido gives two reasons for the security measures she has taken to protect Carathage (563-64).
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What are they? (Latin and line citation)
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And how do they contribute to her characterization?
78. At 565-68, Dido tells the Trojans that their recent history is well known in Carthage. Is she convincing? Support your answer with references to specific words and phrases in the passage.
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72. In 551-52, Illioneus mentions 3 things he and his men must do to repair the fleet. What are they? Write out, cite, and translate the Latin that supports this.
73. In 553-54, Illioneus names the Trojans’ hoped-for destination 3 times.
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What is the effect of this repetition?
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What other words in these lines can support your interpretation?
74. Illioneus closes his speech with a description of the Trojans’ back-up plan (555-58).
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what is it?
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does it make sense?
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68. Illioneus’ first mention of Aeneas (544-45) is highly laudatory.
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What does this tell you about the Trojans’ view of their, despite their circumstances?
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Is Illioneus sincere? Why or why not?
69. Illioneus next wants to reassure Dido that, if she helps them, she won’t regret it (546-550).
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How does he do so?
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Is his argument persuasive?
70. The imagery Illioneus uses to express his hope that Aeneas is still alive is unusual: “si vescitur aura aetheria” (546-47)
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translate this expression
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why do you think he uses this expression?
71. Who is Acestes (550)? Why does Illioneus mention him here?
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64. Illioneus devotes six lines to a depiction of the Trojans’ current pitiable condition (524-529).
ID at least 4 words/phrases in these lines calculated to arouse Dido’s sympathy (cite them)
Explain how each would elicit sympathy from her.
65. Illioneus’ description of their destination, Hesperia, focuses on the land and its people (530-534).
How does he characterize them?
Is this characterization consistent with earlier mentions of Hesperia in Bk 1? why or why not?
66. Illioneus’ description of the storm that brought them to Carthage is brief but vivid (535-538). ID at least 4 features of the storm (and cite the Latin!) highlighted by Illioneus.
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60. Earlier in the text (in lines we skipped) Venus describes Dido with this phrase: Dux femina facti.
translate this line
ID 3 distinct features in the description of Dido in lines 494-519 that support Venus’ description above.
62. The first sentence of Illioneus’ speech (522-526) characterizes the relationship of the Trojans to Dido. Write out and translate/cite 3 words or phrases in this passage that contribute to this characterization.
63. Illioneus’ first words to Dido associate her and Carthage with Jupiter.
What is the basis for making this connection?
Can you recall any earlier mention of Jupiter in this book? Where? What were the circumstances? Can you contrive a connection between the two references?
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- Who is Diana and what are some of her defining characteristics?
- How does she contrast with Venus?
- What does the repetition of imagery associated with Diana/Venus suggest about Dido?
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53. In lines 423-429 (instant….futuris), Vergil gives a vivid description of various activities in which the Carthaginians are engaged.
ID at least 8 of these activities, citing Latin/line #’s
Consider the sequence in which each occurs-- what does the arrangement suggest about the relative importance of each activity?
54. In lines 430-436 (Qualis….mella), Vergil uses a simile comparing the Carthaginian laborers to bees, and notes several of the activities in which bees are typically engaged.
How effective is the parallel suggested by this simile?
Can you detect any differences between the way in which Vergil describes the Carthaginians and the way in which he describes the bees?
55. Wall (moenia, 437) are an important symbol in Roman tradition of stability, permanence, and civilization; they are also useful for the exclusion of foreigners and defense against enemies.
Which of these meanings do the Carthaginian walls have for Aeneas?
Which do they have for the Carths. themselves?
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Compare the contents of the two speeches as well as their respective audiences.
does the second speech modify your evaluation of Aeneas’ character? Why?
50. Evaluate the effectiveness of Aeneas’ speech. Is it reassuring, why or why not?
51. In lines 208-209 (Talia...dolorem), Vergil provides some insight into Aeneas’ thoughts. Does this insight have any effect on your evaluation of the preceding speech? Why?
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48. In lines 197, Vergil describes Aeneas as soothing his men with his words (dicttis...mulcet). This expression has already been used once in Book I.
where was it used previously?
what parallel does this repetition represent?
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44. With the description of the cave of the Nymphs in lines 159-169, Vergil again presents his reader with a striking example of visual narrative. ID at least 4 FoS’s/rhetorical devices used to create this vivid picture.
45. The cave of the Nymphs is perceived by the Trojans as a safe harbor where they may rest and recover from the storm.
• Is their perception accurate?
• How does Vergil make the cave seem inviting and safe?
• Is it in fact so? Why or why not specifically?
46. In lines 170-179, Vergil describes in detail the landing of the Trojans on the Libyan shore and their first actions there. How does Vergil use the contrast between wet and dry states to emphasize the transition?
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41. In lines 148-153 (ac…mulcet), Vergil uses the first extended simile in the Aeneid to describe the effect of Neptune’s calming powers on the chaos around him. How do the features of the simile correspond to details in the storm narrative (be specific!)?
42. In this simile, Vergil describes a man of outstanding pietas (151) who by the power of his presence is able to able to calm those around him. While it is clear Vergil intends to compare Neptune with this man, his use of the word pietas also makes Aeneas a likely candidate for comparison.
• How does Aeneas compare to the man in the simile?
• Why would Vergil want Aeneas and Neptune to be seen as similar?
43. With the lines 154-156, Vergil closes the storm scene. How do the lines provide an effective ending for this episode of the story and give a transition to the next?
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40. In lines 142-147 (sic…undas), Vergil describes how Neptune and his attendants restore peace at sea.
• How does this passage reflect the speed and ease with which Neptune acts (look at structure, FoS, etc)
• How many lines did it take to destoy Aeneas’ fleet and cause the storm? How many did it take Neptune to set it right?
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Type them !
37. in lines 124-127, Neptune emerges from the sea and into the poem. Define and describe 4 figures of speech or rhetorical devices Vergil uses to mark the importance of this entrance
o What effect does each of these have?
o How does each of these help to create a first impression of Neptune?
38. In lines 132-141 (“tantae…..regnet”), Neptune addresses the Winds directly, who have caused so much trouble for the Trojans, and reasserts his control over them. What features of structure, style, and word choice make this an effective speech and WHY? (find one of each and explain).
39. In line 135, (“quos ego--), we find the most famous example of Aposiopesis (see definition in back of text) in all of Latin literature. Can you think of any instance of this in English literature? If not, do some research and cite your source
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30. In lines 102-117, Vergil returns to a detailed description of the storm and its destructive powers. Locate 4 figures of speech and rhetorical devices used in this passage the contribute to the violence of the description and explain why they have this effect.
32. in lines 118-119 (apparent…undas), Vergil offers a brief description of the storm’s aftermath. How does the arrangement of words in lines complement their meaning?
34. In lines 120-123, Vergil closes the storm scene by focusing in on the damage done to the Trojans ships. Give specific Latin references to support your answers.
• How much damage has in fact been done to Aeneas’ fleet?
• How many ships have been destroyed?
35. In lines 124-127, Neptune emerges from the sea and into the poem.
• Define and describe 4 figures of speech/rhetorical devices used by Vergil to mark the importance of this entrance.
• What first impression of Neptune is Vergil seeking to achieve?
36. We have already seen in the storm scene the imbalance of power between Juno and Aeolus, as well as it’s consequences. With the appearance of Neptune on the scene in line 125, the divine hierarchy is further complicated.
• How is Neptune related to Juno and Aeolus?
• How is his relationship to them likely to affect the divine balance of power? (use your speculation based on what you know of the gods, how they deal with each other, and how they deal with humans….try to use examples outside of the Aeneid to support yoru answers)
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29. In line 95, Aeneas refers to the good fortunes of those Trojans who died at home and in the sight of their parents (“ante….altis”). What factors relating to the context for this speech help to make this reference particularly poignant here?
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26. In lines 92-94 (extemplo….refert) Aeneas himself is introduced as a character in the poem and in the storm created by Aeolus. What 1st impression of his character do these lines create?
27. in lines 94-101 (“O…..volvit) Aeneas laments the fact that he did not die along with other great Trojan heroes at Troy. In particular, he mentions Hector and Sarpedon, both of whom will be alluded to again in the Aeneid. Research the deaths of each of these and summarize them citing your sources. Also answer whether the gods were directly/indirectly responsible.
28. Aeneas’ first speech in the Aeneid (94-101) has sometimes been criticized for its mournful tone, but has also been considered profoundly moving. Do you think this speech contributes to a positive or negative first impression? Provide Latin text evidence to support your answers.
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25. In lines 81-91, Vergil describes the storm created by Aeolus. How does the structure of Vergil’s narrative reflect the destructiveness of the storm? (explain in terms of word placement and figures of speech)
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19. In lines 51-57 (nimborum….iras), Vergil describes the kingdom of Aeolus. ID 3 figures of speech or rhetorical devices that Vergil used to enhance the vividness of these lines. Give a specific Latin example/citation for each.
20. How do lines 51-63 characterize Aeolus himself? Is he an absolute monarch, or are his powers limited in any way. Provide latin evidence (paraphrasing is ok).
21.in lines 69-70 (incute….ponto) Juno suggest four ways Aeolus can damage Aeneas’ fleet. What are they? ( provide line references).
22. Juno offers Aeolus marriage to the nymph Deiopea in return for his help with disturbing Aeneas’ ships (72-75). How does Juno ensure the success of her offer? What does this imply about Roman values?
23. In lines 76-80 (“tuus….pontem”) Aeolus describes Juno’s power in the universe generally and over him in particular. Do you think this response would please Juno? Give 3 reasons for your explanation one way or the other.
24. What is the purpose of Aeolus’ emphatic repetition of the word ”tu” in lines 78-79? (in other words, how does it serve the plot/characterization ?).
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16. In lines 39-48 (“quippe…..gero”) Juno compares her own inability to exact revenge with Minerva’s punishment of Ajax. Are the two situations really comparable? Use/reference evidence from the text to support your answer (that means use and cite the Latin specifically and then explain your answer)
17. In lines 46-47 (“quae…coniunx”) Juno explains why she feels she deserves respect. What are her 3 reasons? (cite the Latin as well).
18. Juno ends her speech with a rhetorical question (48-49). What is the question and what is the implicit answer to her question?
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Assignment
13. At line 34, Vergil focuses in on the Trojans as they sail in the western Mediterranean sea towards Italy. He thus starts the story in medias res. How does Vergil create tension and excitement in this episode’s opening lines (lines 34-36)?
14. Why does Vergil describe Juno’s anger as aeternum vulnus?
15. How do the opening words of Juno’s monologue (“mene…fatis” ,37-39) contribute to the characterization of the goddess?
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Assignment
9. In line 23, Vergil uses the term Saturnia to identify and characterize Juno.
• To whom/what does this term refer?
• What reason(s) can you suggest to explain Vergil’s use of it here?
10. In lines 24-28 (prima….honores) Vergil lists several reasons for Juno’s hatred of Troy.
• Identify at least 3 of these and cite the Latin words/phrases to support your answers.
• Discuss what these reasons say about Juno’s character
11. In line 32, Vergil mentions fate/the fates for the 3rd time since the poem’s opening (the earlier references are in lines 2 & 18). Why do you think that Vergil gives this motif such prominence in the opening lines of the Aeneid? (think in terms not only of plot, but also Roman culture).
12. In line 33, Vergil concludes his summary of the story told in the Aeneid.
• How can this line be seen as a summary of the entire poem?
• And how does this summary complement that already provided in line 11?
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Assignment
V BK I; #'s 7, 8
7. Identify 3 distinct features of Carthage as described by Vergil in lines 12-14 (urbs….belli) and provide specific Latin words/phrases with line numbers.
8. In lines 15-18 (quam….fovetque), Vergil Juno’s fondness for Carthage.
• List 3 features characterizing her affection.
• How do they complement the description provided earlier in lines 12-14?
Due:
Assignment
Type them, label "V Q's BK 1, #'s 1-6". Give thoughtful, in- depth answers!
1. How do the first 3 words of BK 1 establish the theme of the Aeneid as a whole?
2. In lines 1-3 (Troiae...litora), Vergil's style is marked by hyperbaton ( the marked separation of words which belong together syntactically. What is the effect of this of this figure of speech here, and how does it enhance the meaning of these lines?
3. In the first 7 lines of BK 1, Vergil summarizes Aeneas' journey from Troy to Italy. How do Vergil's word choice, word placement, and use of figures of speech reflect the significance and difficulty of Aeneas' journey?
4. In lines 8-11, Vergil asks the Muse to help him explain the divine wrath that drives Aeneas on. Identify three different Latin words or phrases used by Vergil to characterize this wrath (provide lines numbers).
5. In line 10, Vergil describes Aeneas as a man of Pietas for the first of many times in the Aeneid. What is the significance of pietas for a Roman? Why would this be desirable in a hero of their literature? (you can use another source to answer this...please cite it)
6. In line 11 (Tantaene...irae), Vergil uses a rhetorical question to conclude his invocation to the muse. How does this question anticipate the story told in the rest of the poem?
Do your best! We'll discuss what you have on Monday.